William edwin gibbs



(No Model.)

W..L .emes-.i114 [i PERCUSSION TOOL. No. 518,032. Patented Apr. 10, 1894.

e Y* @l/1MM@ l w22 e* ed' @mum uum/ n Mum UNITED STATES PATENT v OFFICE.

WILLIAM EDWIN GIBBS, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.k

PERCUSSIONTOOL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters lPatent No. 518,032, dated April 10,1894.

Application filed December l 8, 1893. Serial No. L1.913,906. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM EDWIN GIBBs, a citizen of the United States, residing at New York, county and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Percussion-Tools, of which the following is a specification.

My pneumatic percussion tool consists essentially of a tubular casing having at itschamber, having a diaphragm therein, byv

which it is divided into two parts. The diaphragm is connected at its center with the upper end of the plunger and means are provided for admitting and exhausting the working fluid alternately on opposite sides of said diaphragm by which means thediaphragm is thrown into violent vibration, and with it the plunger. Said plunger in its downward motion, strikes at each movement the working tool, giving a rapid succession of blows thereon. The piston rod and part of the casing surrounding it, have suitable ports and passages cut in them, sothat they put the chambers on each side of the diaphragm in communication with the supply and exhaust ports by the movement. of the piston rod itself and thereby the necessity for an independently moving valve is removed.

lReferring to the accompanying drawings which forms a part of this specification, Figure I represents a longitudinal section of a percussion tool'embodying myinvention." Fig. II is a cross section on the line I-l Fig. I. Fig. III is a cross section on the line 2-2 Fig. I.

In theldrawings, A is a casing having at one end the tool holder B, tool-C, pressed upward by the spring D. In the casing slides the plunger E having the integral piston rod F connecting it with the diaphragm G. The diaphragm is clamped air tight at its edge as shown and forms a double diaphragm chamberH H. The piston rod F has a hole O drilled in the end extending from the upper diaphragm chamber H to the annular space I with which it communicates by means of the transverse hole J. An `annular passage in the piston rod also connects the lower diaphragm chamber with' the annular space K.

M is the supply pipe, and L, L are the exhaust passages.

The action of the tool is as follows: Sup-` posing the plunger to be withdrawn from the tool, which is done by giving a blow with the hand upon the upperpart of the diaphragm case, the air enters by the uncovered admission port, the space I, and thence passes by way of the holes J and I to the upper side of the diaphragm, driving Ait and the plunger downward. The air on the opposite side of the'diaphragm being exhausted by passing through the annular'channel S, to the space K and thence out through the exhaust port. But when' the parts have reached their middle position all the passages are closed to the admission and exhaust ports, and now the momentum acquired carries the plunger beyond thisy position, giving the blow onthe tool which is set at the proper distance. The

of thel upper diaphragm chamber, thus avoiding the jar and wear which would otherwise result. These motions are repeated with great rapidity, land at eachdownward stroke a blow is given to the Working tool. As the area of the piston rod detracts just so much from the effective area 0f the lower side of the diaphragm it follows that the upward stroke land the downward cushioning are less powerful than those in the opposite direction, and consequently the power is principally developed on the downward stroke.

It will be seen that in this tool there is no independently moving valve, and that the piston is replaced by a diaphragm. By this means I save both the leakage which is such aY drawback to this class of tools, and the power needed .for moving a valve. In addition to this I reduce the number of parts subject to wear, vsimplify and cheapen the con- IOO I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters 1. In a pneumatic percussion tool, a plunger connected to a vibrating diaphragm, and

moved by admittingr and exhausting air alternately on opposite sides of said diaphragm.

2. In a pneumatic percussion tool, aplunger and piston rod, connected to the center of an air driven vibrating diaphragm, and means for admitting and exhausting air on the opposite sides of said diaphragm.

8. In a pneumatic percussion tool, a vibrating diaphragm, a plunger connected with the center of said diaphragm, air passages to each side of said diaphragm, and means for putting passages in communication alternately with the air supply and the exhaust ports.

4. In a pneumatic percussion tool, a vibrating diaphragm, a plunger connected with the center of, said diaphragm, suitable air pas` 

